| ls |
List directory contents. |
ls |
| cd |
Change directory. |
cd /path/to/directory |
| pwd |
Show current directory. |
pwd |
| mkdir |
Create a new directory. |
mkdir new_directory |
| rmdir |
Remove an empty directory. |
rmdir empty_directory |
| rm |
Delete files or directories. |
rm file.txt |
| touch |
Create an empty file. |
touch new_file.txt |
| cp |
Copy files or directories. |
cp file.txt /path/to/destination |
| mv |
Move or rename files. |
mv file.txt /path/to/new_location |
| cat |
Display file contents. |
cat file.txt |
| nano / vim |
Edit files in terminal. |
nano file.txt |
| find |
Search for files in a directory hierarchy. |
find . -name "file.txt" |
| grep |
Search text using patterns. |
grep "pattern" file.txt |
| tar |
Archive and compress files. |
tar -cvf archive.tar file1.txt file2.txt |
| df |
Show disk usage of file systems. |
df |
| du |
Show directory/file size. |
du -sh /path/to/directory |
| chmod |
Change file permissions. |
chmod 755 file.txt |
| chown |
Change file owner. |
chown user:group file.txt |
| mount |
Mount a filesystem. |
mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt |
| umount |
Unmount a filesystem. |
umount /mnt |